JET A-1

Jet A-1 is the most widespread type of jet fuel globally for use in turbofan- and turboprop-powered commercial aircraft. Jet A-1 from Mabanaft meets the AFQRJOS Check List (Latest Issue attached below) which embodies the requirements of the two main specifications Def Stan 91-091 (Issue 11) and ASTM D1655 (Latest Issue). It also meets the NATO F-35 specification.

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PROPERTY	LIMITS	IP	ASTM	REMARKS
	TEST METHOD
APPEARANCE
Visual appearance	Clear, bright and visually free from solid matter and un-dissolved water at ambient fuel temperature
Colour	Report		D 156 or D 6045	See Note 1
Particulate contamination mg/L	Max 1.0	423	D 5452	See Note 2
Particulate, cumulative channel particle counts, ISO Code & Individual Channel Counts	Channel counts/ ISO code	565 or 577	D7619	See Note 2
≥ 4 μm(c)	Report / Max 19			See Note 3
≥ 6 μm(c)	Report / Max 17
≥ 14 μm(c)	Report / Max 14
≥ 21 μm(c)	Report
≥ 25 μm(c)	Report
≥ 30 μm(c)	Report / Max 13
COMPOSITION				See Note 4, 5
Total Acidity, mg KOH/g	Max 0.015	354	D 3242
Aromatics, % v/v.	Max 25.0	156	D 1319
OR Total Aromatics, % v/v	Max 26.5	436	D 6379	See Note 6
Sulphur, Total, % m/m	Max 0.30	336	D 1266 or D 2622	or D 4294 or D 5453
Sulphur, Mercaptan, % m/m	Max 0.0030	342	D 3227
OR Doctor Test	Negative	30	D 4952	See Note 7
Refinery Components at point of manufacture:				See Note 8
Non Hydroprocessed Components, %v/v	Report (incl. 'nil' or '100%’)
Mildly Hydroprocessed Components, % v/v	Report (incl. 'nil' or '100%’)
Severely Hydroprocessed Components, % v/v	Report (incl. 'nil' or '100%’)
Synthetic Components, %v/v	Report (incl. ‘nil’ or ‘50%’)			See Note 4
INCIDENTAL MATERIALS				See Notes 9
VOLATILITY
Distillation		123	D86	or D7345., See Note 10
Initial Boiling Point, ºC	Report
Fuel Recovered				See Note 10
10% v/v at ºc	Max 205.0			Or IP 406 or D 2887
50% v/v at ºC	Report			see Note 11
90% v/v at ºC	Report
End Point, ºC	Max 300.0
Residue, % v/v	Max 1.5
Loss, % v/v	Max 1.5
Flash Point, ºC	Min 38.0	170 or 523	D 56 or D 3828	Or D93 (Procedure A) or IP534 / D7236
Density at 15ºC, kg/m³	775.0 min to 840.0 max	160 or 365	D 1298 or D 4052
FLUIDITY
Freezing Point, ºC	Max -47.0	16 or 435 or 528 or 529	D 2386 or D 5972 or D 7153 or D 7154	See Notes 12 and 13
Viscosity at -20ºC, mm2/s(cSt)	Max 8.000	71	D 445	D7945 or D7042, See Note 14
COMBUSTION
Specific Energy, net, MJ/kg	Min 42.80	12 or 355	D 3338 or D 4809	See Note 15
Smoke Point, mm	Min 25.0	598	D 1322	See Note 16
OR
Smoke Point, mm	Min 18.0	598	D 1322
AND Naphthalenes, % vol	Max 3.00		D 1840
CORROSION
Corrosion, Copper strip, classification (2 hours +/- 5 min. at 100 ºC +/- 1ºC)	Max 1	154	D 130
STABILITY
Thermal Stability		323	D 3241	See Note 17
Control temperature, ºC	Min 260
Filter Pressure Differential, mm Hg	Max 25
One of the following requirements shall be met:
(1) Annex B VTR	Less than 3, no 'Peacock' or 'Abnormal' colour deposits
(2) Annex C ITR or Annex D ETR, average over area of 2.5mm²	nm Max 85
CONTAMINANTS
Existent Gum, mg/100ml	Max 7	540	D 381
Microseparometer (MSEP), rating			D 3948	See Note 18
Fuel with Static Dissipator Additive	Min 70
OR
Fuel without Static Dissipator Additive	Min 85
CONDUCTIVITY
Electrical Conductivity, pS/m	50 min to 600 max	274	D 2624	See Note 19
LUBRICITY
BOCLE wear scar diameter, mm	Max 0.85		D 5001	See Note 20
ADDITIVES (Names and approval code from DEF STAN 91-091/12 should be quoted on quality certificates).
Antioxidant, mg/l in final batch (Optional)	Max 24.0			See Note 21 and Note 22
Metal Deactivator, mg/l (Optional) *
First Doping	Max 2.0			See Note 23
Cumulative concentration after field re-doping	Max 5.7
Static Dissipator, mg/l*
First Doping	Max 3.0
Cumulative concentration after field re-doping	Max 5.0
Antioxidants are still mandatory for synthetic fuels and shall be added prior to or during release from the designated manufacturing site of the ASTM D7566 component.	The types and concentrations of all additives used shall be shown on the original Certificates of Quality and on all other quality documents when they are added downstream of the point of manufacture. When additives are diluted (with hydrocarbon solvent only) to improve handling properties prior to addition, it is the concentration of active ingredient that shall be reported. See Annex A of DEF STAN 91-091 for detailed advice.
Fuel System Icing Inhibitor is not permitted unless agreed by all the participants in a joint system (see also Note 24)	See Note 25 about requirements for management of change in refineries.
Lubricity Improver Additive (LIA) additive may be added to the fuel without prior consent of the joint system participants (see also Note 20)	* When the original dosage of additives is unknown, it has to be assumed that first doping was applied at maximum dose rate.

NOTES

Main Table Notes: See AVIATION FUEL QUALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR JOINTLY OPERATED SYSTEMS (AFQRJOS):
Issue 32 – Nov 2020 (supersedes Issue 31 Nov 2019)
WWW.JIGONLINE.COM/.../BULLETIN-133-AFQRJOS-ISSUE-32-NOV-2020.PDF

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